Acute Care Nurse Practitioner (ACNP) Career Guide| NurseJournal (2024)

how long to become 2 years
job outlook 45% growth from 2019-2029
average earning potential $120,000 SOURCE: American Association of Nurse Practitioners

What is an Acute Care Nurse Practitioner

msn required

certification options

Acute care nurse practitioners serve as a crucial communication link for all healthcare professionals. ACNPs determine the direction of patient care for acutely and critically ill patients. Their duties include making life-saving decisions in fast-paced environments. ACNP responsibilities typically require performing intubation, managing care, and (in some circ*mstances) prescribing medications. While ACNPs may work long shifts, the work can be rewarding.

ACNPs treat people of all ages suffering from a wide variety of acute conditions in the hospital setting. These may include serious trauma or injury and neurological, respiratory, cardiac, gastrointestinal, gynecologic, or psychiatric issues that require urgent medical or surgical intervention. Depending on the setting, ACNPs may prepare patients for surgery or evaluate patients during their rounds. Most work as part of a team, collaborating with physicians and other healthcare providers to deliver care.

Career Traits

  • Critical thinking
  • Interpersonal skills
  • Effective communication

Certification Options

  • Adult-Gerontology Acute Care NP Board Certification
  • Acute Care NP Certified in Adult-Gerontology
  • Certified Pediatric NP - Acute Care

Acute Care Nurse Practitioner (ACNP) Career Guide| NurseJournal (4)

Credit: Westend61 / Royalty-free / Getty Images

Where Do ACNPs Work?

Acute care nurse practitioners work wherever patients need critical or acute care. According to the American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP), most practitioners deliver acute and critical treatment in hospitals. AANP's National NP Sample Survey reports that 14.4% of ACNPs work in outpatient facilities and 13.3% in the inpatient setting.

  • Emergency Departments

    ACNPs perform duties including intubation, suturing, casting, reading X-rays and ultrasounds, and placing central lines.

  • Inpatient Units

    ACNPs prescribe pain medications, order patient transfers, provide evaluations, and implement guidelines for care.

  • Nursing Homes

    ACNPs monitor patients' conditions, develop long-term treatment plans, obtain health histories, and administer medications.

Featured Online MSN Programs

ACNP Specializations

Acute care nurse practitioners earn certification to work in specialized areas of healthcare. Specializations include pediatric acute care and adult-gerontology acute care. Certified pediatric and adult-gerontology ACNPs, respectively, represent 0.8% and 3.4% of certified NPs.

Adult-Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioner (AGACNP)

Once certified, AGACNPs can work in hospices, clinical sites, and correctional facilities treating all adults, including seniors and young adults. Most work in outpatient care, where they perform physical exams and diagnose patients. In most states, they have the authority to prescribe medications.

Certifications:
- Adult-Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Board Certification
- Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Certified in Adult-Gerontology

Percentage of NPs with this certification: 3.4%

Salary $109,820*

Job Outlook 52% from 2019 to 2029*

Pediatric Nurse Practitioner - Acute Care (PNP-AC)

Certified PNP-ACs treat children and adolescents with life-threatening illnesses in hospital settings, unlike primary care pediatric nurse practitioners. To qualify for the Certified Pediatric Nurse Practitioner - Acute Care Exam, registered nurses (RNs) must hold a master of science in nursing (MSN) or doctorate and a current RN license, and they must complete at least 500 clinical hours.

Certification:
- Certified Pediatric Nurse Practitioner - Acute Care

Percentage of NPs with this certification: 0.8%

Salary $81,410-$152,160*

Job Outlook 52% from 2019 to 2029*

*SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, American Association of Nurse Practitioners

How to Become an ACNP

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Earn a bachelor of science in nursing (BSN)

The path to acute care nurse practitioner jobs begins with earning a BSN degree. The average full-time student can complete an undergraduate program in four years.

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Pass the NCLEX-RN to receive RN licensure

About 45 days after graduation, future ACNPs can take the National Council Licensure Examination for RNs (NCLEX-RN). The computer adaptive exam requires test-takers to answer anywhere from 75 to 265 questions.

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Gain clinical experience in acute care nursing

Colleges often require candidates applying for an MSN with a concentration in acute care NP to hold a current RN license and 1-2 years of nursing experience.

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Earn an MSN or doctorate from an acute care NP program

Graduate school provides the specialized knowledge and clinical training needed for acute care NP positions, often offering tracks in adult-gerontology and pediatric acute care.

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Apply for certification as an ACNP

Acute care nurse practitioners need to be certified in their specialty, which requires passing a certification exam. To qualify for the exam, ACNPs must meet eligibility requirements such as holding an active RN license and a master’s or doctoral degree.

How Much Do ACNPs Make?

Full-time ACNPs reported a median annual salary of $120,000. Earning potential varied by specialty with both adult-gerontology and pediatric ACNPs making a base salary of $112,000.

ACNPs can anticipate a strong career outlook with employment projected to grow by 45% from 2019 to 2029, significantly greater than the 7% projected employment growth for RNs and the 4% growth projected for all other occupations over this same period.

Find State-Specific Salary Data

Frequently Asked Questions About Acute Care NP's

How many years does it take to become an ACNP?

With education and training, it can take 6-8 years to become an ACNP. All ANCPs need to earn their bachelor's degree, which takes a minimum of four years. Many work for 1-2 years to gain nursing experience before earning a master's degree, a two-year endeavor. The certification process may require additional continuing education hours.

What is the difference between a family nurse practitioner (FNP) and an ACNP?

Both FNPs and ACNPs hold graduate degrees and certifications. However, FNPs provide primary long-term care, whereas ACNPs treat patients with critical healthcare issues. Additionally, FNPs usually serve a wide variety of patients, while ACNPs specialize in specific populations such as children and adolescents.

Can ACNPs work in the emergency room (ER)?

Yes. ACNPs can work in ERs. Employers need ACNPs who have certification to work with patients of all ages, including children.

Can ACNPs intubate?

Yes. ACNPs perform a variety of life-sustaining medical procedures. Whereas certain states regulate if RNs can intubate patients, ACNPs who have been trained can intubate patients to save their life.

Resources for Acute Care NPs


  • American Association of Nurse Practitioners

    Founded in 1985, AANP offers many benefits to its national practitioner community of 118,000 members. Being an AANP member provides hundreds of continuing education hours, free access to continuing education activities, and networking opportunities. Members-only online forums also let nurse practitioners connect with others and share information.
  • American Association of Critical-Care Nurses

    AACN, a nonprofit association for acute and critical care nurses, began in 1969 and now features more than 200 chapters around the United States. Critical care nurses can get certified in pediatric, adult-gerontology, and other focus areas through AACN. The organization also offers online courses, scholarships, webinars, and continuing education opportunities.
  • Pediatric Nursing Certification Board

    Established in 1975, PNCB serves as the largest organization to offer credentials to nursing practitioners who work with children and adolescents. Certification programs such as the Acute Care Certified Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Exam hold accreditation from the National Commission for Certifying Agencies.
  • National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners

    NAPNAP, which began in 1973, now serves more than 8,000 members. Members receive discounts to the national conference, specialty symposia, and nursing publications. They can also access continuing education opportunities, including free pharmacology courses. Through local chapters, members also connect with other nurse practitioners and have access to the TeamPeds Member Network.


Related Pages

Reviewed by:

Acute Care Nurse Practitioner (ACNP) Career Guide| NurseJournal (10)

Anna-Lise Krippaehne, DNP, FNP-BC

Anna-Lise Krippaehne is a board-certified family nurse practitioner at Oregon Health & Science University’s Family Practice Department in Portland, where she practices with a distinct interest in preventative care and health promotion. She earned her BSN and DNP from the University of Portland.

Krippaehne is a paid member of our Healthcare Review Partner Network. Learn more about our review partners.

Acute Care Nurse Practitioner (ACNP) Career Guide| NurseJournal (2024)

FAQs

How many questions is the acute care NP exam? ›

The exam allows 3.5 hours to answer 175 questions (150 scored plus 25 pretest questions that are not scored). For exam prep resources, scroll down to view Study Aids. If you do not pass a certification exam, learn about retesting..

What is the hardest nurse practitioner specialty? ›

WHAT ARE THE HARDEST NURSE PRACTITIONER SPECIALTIES?
  • Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner. ...
  • Emergency Nurse Practitioner. ...
  • Armed Forces NP. ...
  • Adult-Gerontology Nurse Practitioner. ...
  • Correctional Nurse Practitioner. ...
  • Substance Abuse Nurse Practitioner. ...
  • Critical Care Nurse Practitioner. ...
  • Neonatal Nurse Practitioner.

Is ACNP better than FNP? ›

AG-ACNPs and PACNPs are more versatile than FNPs because their education qualifies them to work in primary care as well as in acute care. Acute care protocols and procedures, however, are not part of the family nurse practitioner educational curriculum.

Can ACNP intubate? ›

Can ACNPs intubate? Yes. ACNPs perform a variety of life-sustaining medical procedures. Whereas certain states regulate if RNs can intubate patients, ACNPs who have been trained can intubate patients to save their life.

How many times can you fail NP boards? ›

What happens if I fail the exam? ANCC: If you fail the ANCC FNP exam you will have the ability to retake the test after 60 days of the last testing date; however, you cannot take the exam more than three times in any 12 month period.

What percentage do you need to pass ANCC exam? ›

To pass the ANCC examination, an examinee must achieve a scale score of 350 or higher. Prior to conversion of an examinee's score to this scale, the examinee's raw score on the examination is determined, which is simply the number of test items that the examinee answered correctly (e.g., 105 out of 150).

Who is the highest paid NP? ›

Pediatric primary care is among the highest-paid NP specialties. You can expect an average annual salary of $113,387, which translates to $54.51 per hour.

What NP is highest in demand? ›

WHAT NURSE PRACTITIONER SPECIALTIES ARE IN HIGH DEMAND?
  • Pulmonology Nurse Practitioner. ...
  • Pediatric Acute Care Nurse Practitioner. ...
  • House Call Nurse Practitioner. ...
  • Cardiology Nurse Practitioner. ...
  • Aesthetic Nurse Practitioner. ...
  • Pain-Management Nurse Practitioner. ...
  • Emergency Department/Urgent Care Nurse Practitioners.

What is the easiest NP to be? ›

WHAT ARE THE EASIEST NURSE PRACTITIONER SPECIALTIES TO GET ACCEPTED INTO?
  1. Adult-Gerontology Nurse Practitioner. ...
  2. Pediatric Nurse Practitioner. ...
  3. Family Nurse Practitioner. ...
  4. Occupational Health Nurse Practitioners (OHNP) ...
  5. Aesthetic Nurse Practitioner.

Can ACNP have their own practice? ›

FPA sees NPs as fully independent practitioners under their own umbrella--they're not doctors, so they don't follow doctor's rules for oversight, but they can practice independently.

Are acute care nurse practitioners in demand? ›

Salary and Career Growth

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), there continues to be a demand for nurse practitioners in all specialized positions. The BLS projects the employment of NPs, which includes ACNPs and FNPs, to grow 26 percent by 2028.

What is the best NP to become? ›

The 10 highest paying types of nurse practitioner specializations
  • Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner. ...
  • Neonatal nurse practitioner. ...
  • Pediatric nurse practitioner. ...
  • Emergency nurse practitioner. ...
  • Acute care nurse practitioner. ...
  • Women's health nurse practitioner. ...
  • Adult-gerontology nurse practitioner.
May 26, 2022

Can NPs do chest tubes? ›

Advanced practice registered nurses and physician assistants perform chest tube insertions as well as trauma surgeons do.

How do I transition from FNP to ACNP? ›

You can prepare to make the transition from FNP to acute care NP by enrolling a post master's, or postgraduate, certificate program designed for nurses who have already earned a Master of Science in Nursing (MSN).

What skills does an ACNP have? ›

Skills & Abilities

Acute care nurse practitioners have the expertise to perform advanced nursing care for patients that are critically and acutely ill and possess specialized skills and abilities, including: Performing hands-on procedures such as intubation, chest tube insertion, resuscitation, and lumbar puncture.

Which NP board is harder? ›

The general adult certification exam averaged an 89.2 percent passing rate while NPs taking the adult gerontology primary care exam have just an 81.9 percent success rate on average.

How many patients can a NP see in a day? ›

Urgent Care Nurse Practitioners

The NP may treat four or more patients per hour throughout the entire work day. In most urgent care clinics, the expectation is that the nurse practitioner be able to handle a patient volume of about four patients per hour similarly to the primary care setting.

Is the NP exam difficult? ›

Are Nurse Practitioner Exams Difficult? Yes. Both of the examinations to become a Certified Nurse Practitioner (NP) are very challenging.

Which exam is harder ANCC or AANP? ›

The AANP is rumored to be the easier of the two exams, specifically for those seeking their FNP certification since it has a 5% higher pass rate than that of the ANCC FNP exam. Using the pass rate as a basis for difficulty then you can reasonably say that the AANP exam is easier than the ANCC.

How many questions can I miss on ANCC exam? ›

The ANCC test consists of 150 to 175 multiple-choice questions as well as 25 pilot test questions, which won't count towards the score. Each test question is good for a predetermined number of points. A perfect score would be 500 points. To pass the exam, the students must have a score of at least 350.

What happens if you fail ANCC? ›

Apply to Retest

If you do not pass a certification exam, you may retest after 60 days. Candidates may not test more than 3 times in any 12 months. To retest, candidates must meet eligibility requirements in effect when the retest application is submitted.

What is the lowest paid nurse practitioner? ›

The average hourly wage for a Nurse Practitioner is $56.75. The bottom 10% of hourly NP wages is $38.21. The top 10% is $78.54 per hour. The median hourly wage for a Nurse Practitioner is $58.02 per hour.

Which state pays NP the most? ›

Which states are best for nurse practitioners? BLS data lists the top-paying states and their annual mean wages as California ($151,830), New Jersey ($137,010), New York ($133,940), Washington ($130,840), and Massachusetts ($129,540).

Why choose NP over MD? ›

you're seeking a faster way to advanced practice. If better work-life balance is important to you, a NP has more flexibility and more options for accelerated training than a MD. you want to practice more autonomously.

What is the least stressful NP specialty? ›

WHAT ARE THE LEAST STRESSFUL NURSE PRACTITIONER JOBS?
  1. School Nurse Practitioner.
  2. Medical Writer.
  3. Nurse Educator.
  4. Clinic Nurse Practitioner.
  5. Public Health NP.
  6. Clinical Research NP.
  7. Weight Loss Clinic NP.
  8. Nurse Informatics.

Is the NP field oversaturated? ›

Many job markets across the U.S. are saturated for nurse practitioners. Many are not. Regardless of the situation in your area, if you're a new grad you may need to be determined and flexible as you look for that coveted first position.

Are NP salaries decreasing? ›

NP starting salaries show increase

The average salary offer for NPs increased 12 percent year-over-year to $140,000 in 2020/2021.

What is the average age of a NP? ›

The average age of NPs is 46 years.
...
Distribution of NPs by Primary Certification Area. 3.
Certification*Percent of NPs
Family^70.3
Adult–Gerontology Primary Care^8.9
Psychiatric/Mental Health6.5
8 more rows

Is NP easier than PA? ›

The average program length to become an NP is 15-24 months with 720 clinical hours as a nurse first. Physician's assistant training programs are highly competitive and require undergraduate coursework in science as well as several years of hands-on medical experience with direct patient contact and care.

What is the best state to work as an NP? ›

As you plan your NP career, it can be helpful to consider salary and cost of living, scope of practice laws, and job growth potential in different areas.
...
The Best States for Nurse Practitioners
  • Illinois:* ...
  • Maryland:* ...
  • Texas:* ...
  • Arizona: Arizona grants NPs full practice authority.
Mar 29, 2022

How hard is it to pass the NP exam? ›

They will take a great deal of analytical thought, clinical judgement, and preparation. In 2021, the AANP exam pass rate for the Family Nurse Practioner (FNP) and Adult-Gerontology Primary Care NP (AGPCNP) exams was 84%. Similarly, for the 2021 FNP exam pass rate for ANCC certification was 87%.

What is the passing score for FNP exam? ›

Total raw scores are converted to a scaled score ranging from 200 to 800 points using statistical procedures equivalent for all administrations of the examination. A minimum passing scaled score of 500 must be obtained to pass the examination.

How many questions is the Aocnp exam? ›

The AOCNP test is a computer-delivered exam consisting of 165 multiple-choice questions.

How many questions do you have to get right on ANCC exam? ›

To pass the ANCC examination, an examinee must achieve a scale score of 350 or higher. Prior to conversion of an examinee's score to this scale, the examinee's raw score on the examination is determined, which is simply the number of test items that the examinee answered correctly (e.g., 105 out of 150).

Is NP school harder than nursing school? ›

The Difference Between NP and Nursing school

In NP school, you'll deep dive into concepts you've already learned in nursing school and learn how to apply them in real-world situations. It is much more advanced and in-depth. Overall, both are complex and challenging, but in different ways.

How many questions do you have to get right to pass ANCC FNP exam? ›

To pass the ANCC examination, an examinee must achieve a scale score of 350 or higher. Prior to conversion of an examinee's score to this scale, the examinee's raw score on the examination is determined, which is simply the number of test items that the examinee answered correctly (e.g., 105 out of 150).

How many times can you take the NP exam? ›

The exam cannot be taken more than three times in any 12 month period. AANP: Candidates who do not pass the certification exam may apply to retake the test.

How many questions can you miss on ANCC? ›

The ANCC test consists of 150 to 175 multiple-choice questions as well as 25 pilot test questions, which won't count towards the score. Each test question is good for a predetermined number of points. A perfect score would be 500 points. To pass the exam, the students must have a score of at least 350.

How long is Aocnp certification good for? ›

Once you pass the test, your certification is valid for four years. Note: If you're eligible to test, you'll receive an Authorization to Test (ATT) within 2 weeks of applying.

How long should I study for my NP exam? ›

Allow a minimum of 4 to 6 weeks of planned study after you complete the review course to maximize your likelihood of success on this important high-stakes exam.

What is the hardest nursing certification exam? ›

Emergency nursing is considered one of the most difficult fields of nursing, and certification in this specialty is highly desirable.

Is the ANCC exam hard? ›

The ANCC exam can have up to 200 questions that you'll have to complete in 3 to 4 hours. You'll have to answer a minimum of 150. This is another reason why some people consider this exam to be harder.

Does ANCC give you your score? ›

Test takers of all ANCC exams will be given the results of their exam on site. If a passing score was achieved, a test taker's certification start date will be the date the exam was completed. For those who do not pass the ANCC, exams can be retaken after 60 days have passed from the date last tested.

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